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WESTERN  EDUCATIONAL 


'^^ 


HELPS 


NUMBER  ONE 


Civil  Government 
Simplified 

BY 

J.  J,  DUVALL 


PRICE,  TWENTY-FIVE  CENTS 


(REVISED  EDITION) 


SAN    FRANCISCO 

WHITAKER  &  RAV-WIGGIN  CO. 

(INCORPORATED) 


GIFT  OF 


] 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 

in  2007  with  funding  from 

IVIicrosoft  Corporation 


http://www.archive.org/details/civilgovernmentsOOduvarich 


CIVIL  GOVERNMENT 
SIMPLIFIED 


(REVISED  EDITION) 


BT 


J.  J.  DUVALL 

PBINCIFAL  OF  THE  GRANQBYILLB  SCHOOL  AND  MSMBBS  07  THB 

Board  of  Education  of  Kings  County. 


TWENTY-SEVENTH  THOUSAND 


SAN  FRANCISCO 
WHITAKER  &  RAY-WIGGIN  CO, 

1915 


aZ.'^^ 


COFTKIGHT  1899 

by 

TH8   WHITAKBB  ft  RAY  CO. 


(i,iLo-,a^  dlsSioo 


PREFACE. 


SEVERAL  years  experience  as  a  teacher  In  the  public  schools  of 
California  has  taught  me  that  any  plan  of  school-work  on  any 
given  subject  that  tends  to  lessen  the  labors  of  the  teacher  or  the 
papils,  not  only  becomes  popular,  but  stimulates  a  desire  for 
further  investigations  in  the  subject  thus  treated. 

It  is  not  the  purpose  of  this  little  book  to  take  the  place  of 
the  *'  State  Series  Civil  Government,"  but  rather  to  be  used  as  a 
supplement  to  it.  The  plan  has  been  to  place  the  subject  matter  in 
so  simple  a  form  that  the  pupil  may  be  able  to  see  at  a  glance  the 
relations  the  parts  sustain  to  each  other,  and  thus  save  much  hard 
labor. 

The  author  claims  originality  only  in  arrangement,  for  the 
greater  part  of  the  subject  matter  treated,  has  been  taken  from  the 
"  State  Series  Civil  Government." 

J.  J.  D. 


377653 


SUGGESTIONS  TO  TEACHERS. 


As  THIS  book  is  intended  to  be  used  as  a  supplement  to  the 
"  State  Series  Civil  Government,"  the  subject  matter  is  ar- 
ranged in  the  same  order  as  it  is  in  that  book,  but  I  would  suggest 
that  the  County  be  studied  first,  the  Federal  Government  nextj  and 
the  State  last,  that  the  pupil  may  be  able  to  compare  and  to  con- 
trast the  State  v^ith  the  Federal  Government. 

As  some  parts  of  the  county  government  vary  according  to  the 
class  of  the  county,  that  part  has  been  omitted  from  this  book,  but 
the  required  information  may  be  obtained  by  applying  to  the  county 
clerk. 

Assign  a  portion  of  the  work  for  a  blackboard  exercise  and 
require  the  pupils  to  reproduce  it  from  memory  at  the  next  recita- 
tion. In  addition  to  the  knowledge  gained  from  the  subject  matter 
treated  in  the  text,  the  form  will  serve  as  a  basis  for  an  interesting 
oral  exercise. 

At  the  close  of  the  book  is  a  list  of  test  questions,  some  of 
which  may  be  used  in  connection  with  the  other  work,  or  in  a 
separate  exercise. 

J.  J.  D. 


•■   if  t'  ?  ". .." 
,*vpiVIL   GGTERNMENT    SIMPLIFIED 

Number  of  members.      ^   Three. 


How  and  when  chosen. 

Term  of  office. 
Qualifications, 


BOABD    OF 

School 
Trustees. 


Powers  and 
Duties, 


f  By  the  people  at  the  general 
J  State  election    for    School 
]  Trustees  on  the  first  Friday 
(^  in  June  of  each  year. 

■^   Three  years. 

{Must  be  a  citizen  of  the 
United  States  twenty-one 
years  of  age. 

1.  To  manage  and  control  the  school 
property  in  their  district. 

2.  To  employ  teachers,  janitors,  and 
other  employees  of  the  schools. 

3.  To  suspend  and  expel  pupils  for 
misconduct. 

4.  To  exclude  from  schools,  children 
under  six  years  of  age. 

6.  To  appoint  District  Librarians. 

6.  To  exclude  from  school  and  school 
libraries  all  books,  publications, 
or  papers  of  a  sectarian,  partisan, 
or  denominational  character. 

7.  To  furnish  books  for  the  children 
of  parents  unable  to  purchase  them. 

8.  To  permit  children  of  other  dis- 
tricts to  attend  the  schools  of  their 
district  only  upon  the  consent  of 
the  Trustees  of  the  district  in 
which  such  children  reside. 

9.  On  or  before  the  first  day  of  April 
of  each  year  to  appoint  a  School 
Census  Marshal. 

10.  To  visit  every  school  in  their  dis- 
trict at  least  once  in  each  term,  and 
examine  carefully  into  its  manage- 
ment, condition,  and  wants. 

11.  To  purchase  school  furniture,  in- 
cluding organs  and  pianos,  appa- 
ratus, and  such  supplies  as  may  be 
necessary  for  the  use  of  the  schools. 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT    SIMPLIFIED 


Board  of 
scpekvisors. 


Salary. 


Number  of  members.      ^   Five. 

r  By  the  people  at  the 

How  and  tvhen  chosen.    <  general      State      and 

(^  Presidential  elections. 

Term  of  of/ice.  -^   Four  years. 

C  Varies  according  to  the  class  of 
\      the  county. 

^     ,  .^.    ^ .  f  Must  be  a  voter  in  his 

Quahjicatiom.  |      ^.^^^.^^^ 

1.  To  make  laws  for  the  county. 

2.  To  fill  vacancies  in  all  county 
offices  except  the  offices  of  Su- 
perior Judge  and  Supervisor. 

3.  To  appoint  members  of  the 
County  Board  of  Education, 
and  all  other  county  officers 
whose  election  is  not  other- 
wise provided  for  by  law, 

4.  To  superintend  the  conduct  of 
the  county  officers. 

5.  To  divide  the  county  into 
townships,  and  into  school, 
road,  and  other  districts. 

6.  To  establish  election  districts, 
supervise  elections,  and  can- 
vass election  returns. 

7.  To  establish  and  maintain 
roads,  bridges  and  ferries. 

8.  To  provide  for  the  indigent 
sick  and  poor. 

9.  To  levy  taxes. 

10.  To  equalize  assessments. 

11.  To  grant  licenses. 

12.  To  grant  franchises. 


Powers 

and 

Duties. 


10 


CIVIL   GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


County 
Clerk. 


District 
Attorney. 


How  and  when  chosen. 


Salary. 


{By  the  people  at  the  gen- 
eral State  election. 

Term  of  office.  \   Four  years. 

{Varies  according  to  the  class  of  the 
county. 

To  act  as  clerk  of  the  Board  of 
Supervisors  and  of  the  Superior 
Court. 

To  keep  all  county  books,  papers, 
and  records. 

Duties.       ^   3.  To  keep  a  public  record  of  all  suits 
brought  in  the  Superior  Court. 

4.  To  issue  certificates,  such  as  mar- 
riage licenses. 

6.  Usually  to  attend  to  the  registra- 
tion of  voters. 


How  and  when  chosen. 


{By  the  people  at  the  gen- 
eral State  election. 
Term  of  office.  ^   Four  years. 

Salary        i  ^^^'^®®  according  to  the  class  of  the 
^*       \      county. 

{Must  be  admitted  to  practice 
before  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  State. 

'  1.  To  attend  the  sittings  of  the  Super- 
ior Court  and  there  conduct  all 
prosecutions   for  public  offenses. 

2.  To  institute  proceedings  before  a 
magistrate  for  the  arrest  of  any 
person  charged  with,  or  reason- 
ably suspected  of ,  a  public  offense. 

3.  To  draw  up  all  indictments,  and  to 
defend  all  suits  brought  against 
the   State  or  against  his  county. 

4.  To  conduct  all  civil  suits  on  behalf 
of  the  county. 

6.  To  give  legal  advice  to  county 
officers  when  requested. 


Duties, 


CIVIL   GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


11 


How  and  when  chosen. 


f  By  the  people  at  the  gen- 
\      eral  State  election. 
Term  of  office.  ^   Four  years. 

«  ,  f  Varies   according   to   the  class   of   the 

*^*       \      county. 

1.  To  preserve  the  peace. 

2.  To  arrest  any  person  who  has  com- 
mitted a  public  offense. 

3.  To  have  charge  of  the  county  jail  and 
of  the  prisoners. 

4.  To  serve  all  court  papers  in  both  civil 
and  criminal  cases. 

5.  In  cases  of  an  emergency  may  compel 
any  citizen  to  assist  him  in  the  execu- 
tion of  his  duties. 


Duties. 


How  and  when  chosen. 


Salary. 


{ 


f  By  the  people  at  the  gen- 
\      eral  State  election. 
Term  of  office.  <{   Four  years. 

Varies  according  to   the   class   of    the 
county. 

1.  To  superintend  the  schools  of  his 
county. 

2 .  To  apportion  the  school  moneys  among 
the  school  districts  of  the  county. 

3.  To  preside  at  teachers'  institutes. 

4.  To  enforce  the  course  of  study. 

5.  To  issue  temporary  certificates  to 
teachers. 

6.  To  appoint  school  trustees  when  a  dis- 
trict fails  to  elect. 

7.  To  grade  the  schools  of  his  county. 

8.  To  appoint  members  of  the  County 
Board  of  Education  when  the  Board 
of  Supervisors  fail  to  appoint. 

9 .  To  visit  each  school  in  his  county  at 
least  once  during  the  year. 


Powers 

and 

Duties. 


12 


CIVIL   GOVERNMENT  SIMPLIFIED 


County 
Recorder. 


How  and  tvJien  chosen . 


{ 


By  the  people  at  the  gen- 
eral State  election. 
Term  of  office.  <J   Four  years. 

^  ,  /  Varies   according  to   the   class   of   the 

a  ary.       -^      county. 

1.  To  record  deeds  and  mortgages. 

2.  To  record  notices   of   mining  loca- 
tions. 

3.  To  record  notices  of  legal  action. 

4.  To  record  assignments  and  leases. 

5.  To  record  contracts. 

6.  To  record  marriage  licenses. 

7.  To  keep  a  record  of  all  estrays. 


Duties.       < 


County 

Assessor. 


How  and  lolien  chosen. 


C  By  the  people  at  the  gen- 
\^      eral  State  election. 

Term  of  office.  ^   Four  years. 

Varies  according  to  the  class  of  the 
county. 

To  appraise  the  value  of  all  property, 
both  personal  and  real,  for  tax  as- 
sessment. 


^   Salary. 
Duty. 


{ 
{ 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT    SIMPLIFIED 


13 


County 
Tax 

Collector. 


mow  and  when  chosen.  |  ^^  the  people  at  the  gen- 
(^      eral  State  election. 

Term  of  office,  ^   Four  years. 

r  Varies   according  to   the   class   of  the 

\      county. 

To  receive  from  the  property  owners 
the  tax  which  has  been  assessed 
upon  their  property. 


\  Salary. 


Duty. 


{ 


County 
tueasukkr. 


rr  J     7         7  f  By  the  people  at  the  gen- 

How  and  when  chosen.  |     '^^,_^^  ^^^^  ^j^^^^^ 

Terin  of  office.  <(   Four  years. 

o  7  r  Varies  according   to   the   class   of   the 

^«'«'-^-     I      oouuty. 

To   receive   and    pay    out  moneys   on 
account  of  the  county. 


Duty. 


{ 


C<^UNTY 

Auditor. 


„  ,     ,         ,  r  Bv  the  people  at  the  gen- 

How  and  when  chosen.  |     '^^^^  g^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^ 

Term  of  office.  <J   Four  years. 

r  Varies   according  to   the   class   of   the 
^''''    \      county. 

To  examine  and  adjust  the  fiscal  con- 
cerns of  the  county. 


Salar 


Duty. 


{ 


County 
Coroner. 


,     ,         ,  f  By  the  people  at  the  gen- 

IIow  and  when  chosen.  |     '^^^^  ^^^^  election. 

Term  of  office.  {   Four  years. 

Salary.    <{   Fees. 

To  hold  an  inquest  over  the   body   of 
.       any  person  who  has  come  to  a  vio- 
Duty.       <^       j^^^  death,  or  a  death  from  an   un- 
known cause. 


14 


CIVIL   GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


County 
Surveyor. 


How  and  when  chosen. 


f  By  the  people  at  the  gen- 
\      eral  State  election. 

Term  of  office,  <^   Four  years. 

Salary.    <{   Fees. 

f  To  make  such  surveys  of  land  as  may 

I       be  required  of  him  by  order  of  Court 

■(       or   of  the  Board  of   Supervisors,    or 

upon  the  application  of  any   private 

person. 


Duty 


Public 
Adminis- 
trator. 


rr  ,     ,         ,  r  By  the  people  at  the  gen- 

How  and  lolien  chosen.  |     ^^^.^,  g';^^^  ^j^^y^^_ 

Term  of  office.  <(   Four  years. 
Salary.    <^   Fees. 

To  take  charge  of  the  estates  of  de- 
ceased persons,  for  the  settlement  of 
which  the  law  has  not  otherwise  pro- 
vided. 


Duty. 


Direct. 


Taxes. 


Property. 


Ca2ntation.  < 


1.  City. 

2.  State. 

3.  County. 

4.  District. 

r  1.  State  Poll  Tax. 

2.  County  Hospital  Tax. 

3.  County  Road  Tax. 
^  4.  City  Street  Tax. 


Indirect 


1.  Duties. 

2.  Excises. 

3.  Licenses. 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT    SIMPLIFIED 


15 


Senate. 


o 


Assembly. 


Qualifica- 
tions, 


Powers  and 
Duties. 


Number  of  members.  <J  Forty. 

{By  the   people  at  the 
general      State       and 
Presidential  elections. 
Term  of  office.  <{  Four  years. 
Salary.  ^  $1,000  for  the  session.     - 

1.  Must  be  twenty-one  years  of  age. 

2.  Must  have  been  a  citizen  and  in- 
habitant of   the  State  for  three 

<C        years  next  preceding  his  election. 

4  3.  Must  have  been  a  resident  of  the 
district  for  one  year  next  preced- 
ing his  election. 

1.  To  regulate  the  form  of  its  ovra 
proceedings. 

2.  To  judge  of  the  qualifications, 
elections,  and  returns  of  its  own 
raeirbers. 

3.  To  choose  its  own  officers  except 
the  presiding  officer. 

4.  To  try  persons  impeached. 


Powers  and 
Duties. 


Qualifica- 
tions. 


^  Number  of  members.   ^  Eighty. 

{By  the  people  at  the 
general      State      and 
Presidential  elections. 
Term  of  of/ice.  -^  Two  years. 
Salary.  {  $1,000  for  the  se'ssion. 

1.  Must  be  twenty-one  years  of  age. 

2.  Must  have  been  a  citizen  and  in- 
habitant of  the  State  for  three 
years  next  preceding  his  election. 

3.  Must  have  been  a  resident  of  the 
district  one  year  next  preceding 
his  election. 

1.  To  regulate  the  forms  of  its  own 
proceedings. 

2.  To  judge  of  the  qualifications, 
elections,  and  returns  of  its  own 
members. 

3.  To  choose  its  own  officers. 

4.  To  prepare  articles  of  impeach* 
ment. 


Powers  and 
Duties. 


1.  To  make  the  laws  of  the  State. 

2.  To  elect  United  States  Senators. 

3.  To  fix  the  State  tax  rate. 


16 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


Process  of 
Law-Making. 


1.  A  bill,  a  draft  of  a  proposed  law,  may  be 
introduced  iuto  either  house  by  one  of  its 
members. 

2.  It  is  then  referred  for  consideration  to  the 
appropriate  committee.  If  this  committee 
is  favorable  to  the  bill  it  is  returned  to  the 
house  in  which  it  originated  and  its  passage 
recommended. 

3.  It  must  then  be  printed  and  read  three  times 
on  separate  daj^s,  but  the  house  may,  by 
a  two-thirds  vote,  order  the  three  readings 
on  one  and  the  same  da}^ 

4.  It  may,  by  a  vote  of  the  house,  be  amended 
by  adding  to,  striking  out,  or  altering  any 
of  its  provisions. 

5.  After  the  third  reading,  if  the  bill  passes 
the  house  by  a  majority  vote  of  all  the 
members  elected,  it  is  then  sent  to  the 
other  house  where  it  goes  through  a  like 
process. 

6.  After  having  passed  both  houses  by  a  major- 
ity vote  of  all  the  members  elected,  the  bill 
is  then  sent  to  the  Governor  for  his  consid- 
eration. If  he  approves  the  bill  he  signs  it 
and  it  becomes  a  law.  If  he  disapproves  the 
bill  he  returns  it  to  the  house  in  which  it 
originated,  stating  his  objections,  and  it  fails 
to  become  a  law,  and  is  said  to  have  been 
vetoed. 

7.  If  the  bill  is  reconsidered  and  passed  by  a 
two-thirds  vote  in  each  house  it  becomes  a 
law  without  the  Governor's  signature. 

8.  If  the  Legislature  is  in  session  and  the  Gov- 
ernor fails  to  return  the  bill  within  the  ten 
days  allowed  by  law,  the  bill  becomes  a  law 
without  his  signature. 

9.  If  the  Legislature  adjourns  and  prevents  the 
returning  of  the  bill  the  Governor  must  sign 
it  within  the  ten  days  or  it  fails  to  become  a 
law,  and  such  failure  is  said  to  be  a  pocket 
veto. 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


17 


Governor.  ^ 


How  and  when  chosen. 


Qiialifica' 
tions. 


Potvers  and 
Duties. 


3. 

1. 

2. 
3. 


f  By  the  people  at  the  gen- 
\      eral  State  election. 
Term  of  office.  ^  Four  years. 
Salary.  <{  $10,000  per  year. 

C    1.  Must  be  twenty-five  years  of  age. 
Must  have  been  a  citizen  of  the 
United  States  for  five  years. 
Must    have    been   a  resident    of 
California  for  five  years. 

To  see  that  the  laws  are  faithfully 
executed. 

To  approve  or  to  veto  bills. 
To   convene    the    Legislature    in 
special  session. 

To  send  to  the  Legislature  at 
each  session  his  written  message 
stating  the  condition  of  the 
State  and  advising  needed  legisla- 
tion. 

In  case  the  two  houses  fail  to 
agree  on  the  time  of  adjourn- 
ment, to  adjourn  the  Legisla- 
ture to  such  time  as  he  thinks 
proper,  provided  the  time  of  ad- 
journment is  not  beyond  the  time 
fixed  for  the  meeting  of  the  next 
Legislature. 

Upon  the  request  of  the  Gover- 
nor of  another  State  to  issue  an 
order  of  extradition  for  the  return 
of  a  criminal  who  has  fled  from 
justice. 

To  keep  the  Great  Seal  of  the 
State. 

He  is  commander-in-chief  of  the 
militia,  the  army  and  navy  of  the 
State. 

To  fill  all  vacancies  in  office  when 
no  mode  is  provided  by  the  Con- 
stitution or  by  law. 
10.  To  grant  pardons,  reprieves,  and 
commutations  of  sentence  after 
conviction,  in  all  cases  except 
treason  and  impeachment. 


8. 


9. 


18 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT    SIMPLIFIED 


Lieutenant 
Governor. 


'  How  and  when  cliosenJ^y  the  people  at  the  gen- 
(^     era!  btate  election. 

Term  of  offlce.  -{  Four  years. 
Salary.  \  $4,000  per  year. 

Qualijications.  <J  Same  as  the  Governor. 

r  To  preside  over  the  deliberations  of 
Duty.  <      the  Senate,  in  which  body  he  has 

(^     a  vote  only  in  case  of  a  tde. 


Secretary 
OF  State. 


How  and  ivhen  chosen 


■{ 


By  the  people  at  the  gen- 
eral State  election. 


Tei^m  of  office.  <[  Four  years. 
Salary.  {  $5,000  per  year. 

1.  To  keep  a  record  of  the  official 
acts  of  the  Legislative  and  ex- 
ecutive departments  of  the 
government. 

2.  To  affix  the  Great  Seal  of  the 
State  to  all  commissions,  par- 
dons, and  other  public  instru- 
ments to  which  the  official  sig- 
nature of  the  Governor  is  re- 
quired. 

Duties,  •{     3.  To  record  all  conveyances  to 

the  State,  and  all  articles  of  in- 
corporation filed  in  his  office, 
and  all  official  bonds. 

4.  To  publish  the  Acts  of  the  Leg- 
islature and  to  distribute  them 
in  accordance  with  the  law. 

5.  To  make  a  detailed  report  bien- 
nially to  the  Governor  of  all 
his  official  actions  during  the 
preceding  two  years. 


CIVIL   GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


19 


State 
Controller,    i 


How  and  token  chosen. 


the  people  at  the  gen- 
eral State  election. 


Term  of  Office.  ^  Four  years. 
Salary  ^  $5,000  per  year. 

1.  To  superintend  the    fiscal  concerns    of 
the  State. 

2.  To    keep    all    accounts    in    which    the 
State  is  interested. 


3.  To  audit  all  claims  against  the  State. 

i.  To  issue  warrants  for  all  legal  disburse- 
ments of  money  from  the  .State  treas- 
ury. 

5.  To  give  information,  when  requested, 
to  the  Legislature  or  to  either  house 
relating  to  the  fiscal  affairs  of  the  State 
or  the  duties  of  his  office. 

6.  To  make  to  the  Governor  a  biennal 
report  of  the  funds  of  the  State,  of  its 
revenue,  and  of  the  public  expendi- 
tures during  the  preceding  two  years, 
together  with  an  estimate  of  the  same 
for  the  ensuing  two  years. 


Duties.  < 


State 
Treasurer. 


By  the  people  at  the  gen- 
eral State  election. 


How  and  when  chosen.  < 
Term  of  office^  Four  years. 
Salary  {  $5,000  per  year. 

1.  To  keep  all  moneys  belonging  to  the 
State  subject  to  the  warrants  of  the 
Controller. 

2.  To  give  information,  when  requested, 
to  the  Legislature  or  to  either    house 

.        .        as  to  the  condition  of  the  treasury  or 
Duties.  <J        the  duties  of  his  office. 

3.  To  make  a  biennial  report  to  the 
Governor  showing  the  amount  of 
money  in  the  treasury  to  the  credit 
of  the  State,  together  with  a  summary 
of  the  receipts  and  expenditures  dur- 
ing the  preceding  two  years. 


20 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


Attobnet- 
General. 


Hoxo  and  when  chosen.  \  ^^  ^^^,  gf  °P'«  f  *  *?"'  g«°- 
J       eral  State  election. 

Term  of  office.  <{  Four  years. 

Salary.  <{  $6,000  per  year. 

1.  To  represent  the  people  of  the 
State  in  the  Supreme  Court. 

2 .  To  prosecute  or  defend  all  cases 
to  which  the  State  or  any  officer 
thereof,  in  his  official  capacity,  is 
a  party. 

3.  To  prosecute  or  defend  all  cases 
in  which  any  county  is  a  party, 
unless  the  interests  of  the  county, 
or  one  of  its  officers,  in  his 
official  capacity,  is  adverse  to 
the   State. 

4.  To  exercise  supervision  over  dis- 
trict attorneys. 

6.  When  required  by  the  public 
service,  or  directed  by  the  Gov- 
ernor, to  go  to  any  county 
in  the  State  and  assist  the  district 
attorney  in  the  discharge  of  his 
duties. 

6.  To  give  his  opinion  in  writing  to 
the  Legislature  or  to  either  house, 
to  the  Governor,  Secretary  of 
State,  Controller,  Treasurer, 
Superintendent  of  Public  In- 
struction, trustees  of  State 
institutions,  and  any  district  at- 
torney, upon  any  questions  of 
law  relating  to  their  respective 
officers. 

7.  To  make  a  biennial  report  to  the 
Governor  on  the  affairs  of  his 
department. 


Duties. 


CIVIL   GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


21 


Hoxo  and  when  chosen. 


By  the  people  at  the 
general  State  elec- 
tion. 


Term  of  office.  <{  Four  years. 

Salary.         ^  $5,000  per  year. 

1.  To  superintend  the  schools 
of  the  State. 


S  DPEEINTENDENT 

OF  Public 

iNSTRUCTIOy. 


Duties. 


To  collect  information  re- 
lating to  the  public 
schools. 


3.  To  ascertain  the  number 
of  school  children  in  each 
district  of  the  State. 

4.  To  ascertain  the  number  of 
teachers  in  the  State. 

5.  To  ascertain  the  amount 
yearly  spent  on  public 
schools  of  the  State. 

6.  To  apportion  semi-annually 
the  State  school  moneys 
among  the  counties. 

7.  To  make  a  biennial  report 
to  the  Governor  suggesting 
improvements  in  the  man- 
agements of  public  schools. 


22 


CIVIL  GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


How  and  when  chosen 


fBy  the  people  at    the 


Surveyor- 
General. 


general  State  election. 

Term  of  office.^  Four  years. 

Salary.         ^  $5,000  per  year. 

^  1.  To  keep  a  register  which  will 
show  all  important  matters  re- 
lating to  the  public  lands  of 
the  State. 

2.  To  survey  and  mark,  when  re- 
quired, the  boundary  lines  of 
counties,  cities,  villages  and 
towns. 

C  1.  The  condition  of 
surveys  required 
of  him  by  law. 

2.  The  quantity  and 
condition  of  lands 
belongiug  to  the 
State. 

3.  The  quantity  of 
arable  and  graz- 
ing land  in  each 
county. 

4.  The    number    of 
horses,     cattle, 
sheep,    swine    in 
each  county. 

5.  The  quantity  of 
agricultural  and 
horticultural  pro- 
ductions of  the 
State  during  the 
preceding  two 
years,  together 
with  a  discussion 
of  the  diseases  af- 
fecting the  same. 

6.  Information  re- 
jjarding  mineral 
lands  and  mineral 
productions  i  n 
each  county. 

7.  All  facts  likely  to 
promote  the  de- 
velopment of  the 
resources  of  the 
State. 


Duties. 


3.  To  make  a 
biennial  re- 
port to  the  <J 
Governor 
which  shall 
show: 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


23 


California 
Courts. 


Justices  of 
the  Peace. 


Superior. 


Supreme. 


District 
Court  of 
Appeals. 


Senate. 


No.  of  Justices.!,   Varies  according  to  the 
'  •'"'*'"''^*'-^  population. 

How  and  when  /  By   the   people  at  the 
chosen.  \  general  State  election. 

Term  of  office.    \   Four  years. 

Salary.  \  Fees. 

Varies  according  to  the 
No.  of  Judges.  \  population  and  amount 
of  business. 


How  and  when 
chosen. 


Term  of  office. 
Salary. 


By  the  people  at  the 
general  State  and  Pres- 
idential elections. 


\  Six  years. 

/  Varies  according  to  the 
\  class   of   the   county. 


Qualifications.  I  R 


Must  be  admitted  to 
ractice  before  the 
upreme  Court  of  the 

State. 


Number  of  Judges.  \  Seven. 

How  and  whenj  By  the  people  at  the 
chosen.  \  general  State  election. 

Term  of  office.    \  Twelve  years. 

Salary.  \  $8,000  per  year. 

n,.^un^^t.\.^^   }  Same  as  Superior 
Qualifications.  |  j^jgeg  ^ 

Number  of  Dis-\  rpi-„- 
tricts.  /   ^"^®®- 


Number  of 
Judges  in  each 
District. 

Term  of 
Office. 


Three. 


>  Twelve  years. 
Salary.  \  $7,000  per  year. 

}•  As  a  court  of  impeachment. 


24 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIEI 


Qualifications 
OP  AN  Elector. 


1.  Must  be  a  male  citizen  twentj-one  years 
of  age. 

2.  If  of  foreign  birth  must  have  been 
naturalized  ninety  days  prior  to  the 
election. 

3.  Must  have  resided  in  the  State  one  year 
prior  to  the  election. 

4.  Must  have  resided  in  the  county  ninety 
days  prior  to  the  election. 

5.  Must  have  resided  in  the  precinct  thirty 
days  prior  to  the  election. 

6.  Must  be  registered  in  the  precinct  in 
which  he  resides. 

7.  Must  be  able  to  sign  his  name  and  read 
the  U.  S.  Constitution  in  English  if  he 
has  become  a  voter  since  May  16,  1895. 


Persons  Ex- 
pressly Denied 
THE  Right  of 
Suffrage  in 
California. 


1.  A  native  of  China. 

2.  An  idiot. 

3.  An  insane  person. 

4.  Any  person  convicted  of  an  infamous 
crime. 

5.  Any  person  hereafter  convicted  of  the 
embezzlement  or  misappropriation  of 
public  money. 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT    SIMPLIFIED 


25 


Senate. 


Qualifications. 


Number  of  members.  {  Two  for  each  State. 

IIoio  chosen.  ^  By  the  Legislatures  of  the  several  States. 

Term  of  office.  {  Six  years. 

Salary.  S7,500  per  year  and  mileage.  Other  allowances. 

1.  Must  be  thirty  years  of  age. 

2.  Must  have    been  a  citizen  of  the 
United  States  for  nine  years. 

3.  Must  be  a  resident  of  the  State  at 
the  time  of  his  election. 


1.  To  regulate  the  form  of  its  own 
proceedings. 

2.  To  judge  of  the  qualifications,  elec- 
tions, and  retuiTis  of  its  own  mem- 
bers. 

3.  To  choose  its  own  oflScers  except 
the  presiding  officer. 

4.  To  try  persons  impeached. 

5.  To  ratify  appointments  made  by 
the  President. 

6.  To  ratify  treaties  made  with  for- 
eign nations. 

7.  To  elect  a  Vice-President  when 
the  electoral  college  fails  to 
elect. 


Powers  and 
^Duties. 


House  of 
Repre- 
senta- 
tives, 


Number  of  members. 


How  and  lohen  chosen. 


{Apportioned  among  the  several 
States  in  proportion  to  the  popu- 
lation.   California's  proportion  8. 

the  people  at  the  general 
State  and  Presidential  elec- 
tions. 


r  By 

<    St8 

I  tio 


Term  of  office.  {  Two  years. 
Salary.  {  $7,500  per  year  and  mileage. 
Speaker's  Salary  $12,000. 


Other  allowances. 


Qualifications. 


loioers  and 
Duties. 


1.  Must  be  twenty-five  years  of  age. 

2.  Must    have  been  a  citizen  of  the 
United  States  for  seven  years. 

3.  Must  be  a  resident  of  the  State  at 
the  time  of  his  election. 


1.  To  regulate  the  form  of  its  own 
proceedings. 

2.  To  judge  of  the  qualifications, 
elections,  and  returns  of  its  own 
members. 

3.  To  choose  its  own  officers. 

4.  To  prepare  articles  of  impeachment. 

5.  To  originate  revenue  bills. 

6.  To  elect  a  President  when  the  elec- 
toral college  fails  to  elect. 


26 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT    SIMPLIFIED 


POWEBS 

Expressly 
Granted  to 
Congress. 


1.  To  borrow  money  on  the  credit  of  the  U.  S. 

2.  To  raise  and  support  armies. 

3.  To  provide  and  maintain  a  nav}'. 

4.  To  grant  copyrights  and  patents. 

5.  To  establish  post  offices  and  post  roads. 

6.  To  constitute  tribunals  inferior  to  the 
Supreme  Court. 

7c  To  provide  for  the  punishment  of  counter- 
feiting the  securities  and  current  coins  of 
the  U.  S. 

8.  To  make  rules  for  the  government  and  reg- 
ulation of  land  and  naval  forces. 

9.  To  regulate  commerce  with  foreign  nations 
and  among  the  several  States,  and  with 
Indian  tribes. 

10.  To  coin  money,  regulate  the  value  thereof, 
and  of  foreign  coins,  and  fix  the  standard  of 
weights  and  measures, 

11.  To  establish  a  uniform  rule  of  naturalization, 
and  uniform  laws  on  the  subject  of  bank- 
ruptcy throughout  the  U.  S. 

12.  To  define  and  punish  piracies  and  felonies 
committed  on  the  high  seas,  and  offences 
against  the  laws  of  nations. 

13.  To  declare  war,  grant  letters  of  marque  and 
reprisal,  and  make  rules  concerning  captures 
on  land  and  water. 

14.  To  lay  and  collect  taxes,  duties,  imposts  and 
excises ;  to  pay  the  debts  and  provide  for  the 
common  defense  and  general  welfare  of  the 
U.S. 

15.  To  provide  for  calling  forth  the  militia  to 
execute  the  laws  of  the  Union,  suppress  in- 
surrection, and  repel  invasions. 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT    SIMPLIFIED 


27 


Powers 
expkessly 
Denied  to 
congeess. 


1.  To  suspend  the  writ  of  habeas  corpus  unless 
when,  in  cases  of  rebellion  or  invasion,  the 
public  safety  may  require  it. 

2 .  To  pass  any  bill  of  attainder  or  ex-post  facto  law. 

3.  To  lay  any  capitation  or  other  direct  taxes  un- 
less in  proportion  to  the  census  or  enumeration 
hereinbefore  directed  to  be  taken. 

4.  To  lay  any  tax  or  duty  on  articles  exported 
from  any  State. 

6.  To  give  preference  to  the  ports  of  one  State  to 
those  of  another. 

6 .  To  grant  titles  of  nobility. 


1.  To  coin  money. 

2.  To  emit  bills  of  credit. 

3.  To  grant  titles  of  nobility. 

4.  To  grant  letters  of  marque  and  reprisal. 

5.  To  enter  into  any  treaty,  alliance,  or  compact. 

6.  To  keep  troops  or  ships  of  war  in  time  of  peace. 

7.  To  pass  any  bill  of  attainder  or  ex-post  facto 
Powers                      1^^^ 

JCiXPRESSLT 

Prohibited     ■{     8.  To  pass   any  law  impairing  the  obligation  of 


TO   THE 

States. 


contracts. 

9 .  To  make  anything  but  silver  and  gold  coins  a 
tender  in  payment  of  debts. 

10.  To  lay   any  duties  on  imports  or  exports,  or 
any  tonnage  duty  without  consent  of  Congress. 

11.  To   enter  into   any   agreement    with    another 
State  or  with  a  foreign  power. 

12.  To  engage  in  war  unless  actually  invaded  or  in 
such  imminent  danger  as  to  admit  of  no  delay. 


28 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


Rights  Guaranteed 
TO  A  Person  Charged 
WITH  A  Crime. 


1.  He  shall  be  entitled  to  a  speedy 
and  public  trial  by  an  impartial 
jury  of  the  State  and  district  in 
which  the  crime  shall  have  been 
committed. 

2.  He  shall  be  informed  of  the  nature 
and  cause  of  the  accusation. 

3.  He  shall  be  confronted  by  the 
witnesses  who  testify  against  him. 

4.  He  shall  not  be  compelled  to  be  a 
witness  against  himself. 

5.  He  may  compel  the  attendance  of 
witnesses  in  his  favor. 

6.  Excessive  bail  shall  not  be  required 
nor  excessive  fines  imposed. 

7.  Cruel  and  unusual  punishments 
shall  not  be  inflicted. 

8.  No  man  shall  be  twice  put  in 
jeopardy  of  his  life  for  the  same 
offense,  that  is  if  he  has  been  tried 
before  a  proper  tribunal  and  ac- 
quitted, he  shall  not  be  tried  again 
for  the  same  offense. 


CIVIL   GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


29 


Admission  of 
A  Territory 

INTO  THE 

Union  as  a 
State. 


1.  The  territory  sends  a  memorial  to  Congress 
praying  for  permission  to  form  a  State 
Constitution  and  for  admission  into  the 
Union. 

2.  Congress  passes  an  Act  called  an  "  Enabling 
Act"  authorizing  the  inhabitants  of  the 
territory  to  form  a  Constitution. 

3.  The  people  of  the  territory  represented  in  a 
general  convention  frame  a  Constitution. 

4.  The  Constitution  is  then  adopted  by  a 
majority  vote  of  the  people  of  the  territory. 

5.  This  Constitution  is  then  presented  to 
Congress  for  approval,  and  if  Congress 
sees  no  objectional  features  in  it,  an  act  is 
passed  admitting  the  territory  into  the 
Union  as  a  State. 


Amendments 
TO  THE  U.  S. 
Constitution. 


Proposed^ 


Adopted. 


1.  By  a  two- thirds  vote  of  Con- 
gress. 

2.  On  the  application  of  the  Leg- 
islatures of  two-thirds  of  the 
several  States,  Congress  shall 
call  a  general  convention  for 
framing  and  proposing  amend- 
ments. 


By  the  Legislatures  of  three- 
fourths  of  the  several  States. 

By  special  conventions  in  three- 
fourths  of  the  several  States. 


30 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


President. 


How  and  when 
chosen. 


{ 


Term  of  office. 


By  electors  chosen  by  the  people 
at    the     general    Presidential 
election. 
-{  Four  years. 


Salary. 

Qualifica- 
tions. 


-{  $75,000  per  year. 

1.  Must  be  thirty-five  years  of  age. 

2.  Must  be  a  native  born  citizen. 

3.  Must  have  been  a  resident  within 
the  U.  S.  for  fourteen  years. 


Powers 
and  Duties. 


1. 


3. 


4. 


6. 


10. 


To  see  that  the  laws  are  faith- 
fully executed. 

He  is  commander-in-chief  of  the 
army  and  the  navy  of  the  U.  S., 
and  of  the  State  militias  when 
they  are  called  into  the  actual 
service  of  the  U.  S. 
With  the  assent  of  the  Senate 
makes  treaties  with  foreign  na- 
tions. 

May  grant  pardons  for  offenses 
against  the  U.  S.  except  in  cases 
of  impeachment. 

With  the  assent  of  the  Senate 
appoints  and  commissions  all 
officers  of  the  federal  govern- 
ment whose  appointment  is  not 
otherwise  provided  for. 
To  fill  vacancies  that  occur  dur- 
ing the  recess  of  the  Senate  by 
granting  commissions  which  ex- 
pire at  the  end  of  the  next 
session. 

To  veto  or  approve  bills. 
May  convene  one  or  both  houses 
of  Congress. 

To  adjourn  Congress  to  such 
time  as  he  deems  proper  when 
both  houses  fail  to  agree  on  the 
time  of  adjournment. 
Must  present  to  Congress  his  an- 
nual message  stating  the  condi- 
tion of  the  nation  and  recom- 
mending needed  legislation. 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


31 


Vice-President. 


How  and  when  chosen. 


B3?  electors  chosen 
by  the  people  at  the 
general  Presiden- 
tial election. 


Term  of  office. -{  Four  years. 

Salary.         ^$12,000  per  year. 

^     j.^    ..  fSame    as    those    of    the 

Qualifications.     |     p^^gj^^^t^ 

To  preside  over  the  deliberations 
of  the  Senate,  in  which  body  he 
has  no  vote  except  in  case  of  a 
tie. 


Duty. 


Manner  op 
Electing 
President  and 
.Vice-President  . 


1.  On  the  first  Tuesday  after  the  first  Mon- 
day of  November  in  the  year  preceding 
the  expiration  of  the  Presidential  term, 
a  general  election  is  held  in  the  several 
States  for  the  purpose  of  choosing  presi- 
dential electors. 

2.  After  their  election,  the  electors  meet  in 
the  capitals  of  their  several  States,  on 
the  second  Monday  in  January,  and 
cast  their  votes  for  President  and  Vice- 
President. 

3.  These  votes  are  then  sent  to  Washing- 
ton, and,  on  the  second  Wednesday  in 
the  following  February,  are  opened  and 
counted  in  Congress,  both  houses  meet- 
ing together  for  that  purpose.  The 
persons  having  a  majority  of  all  the 
electoral  votes  cast  are  declared  elected 
President  and  Vice-President. 

4.  If  no  candidate  has  a  majority  of  the 
electoral  votes,  the  House  of  Represent- 
atives chooses  the  President  and  the 
Senate  chooses  the  Vice-President. 


32 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT    SIMPLIFIED 


President's 
Cabinet. 


1.  Secretary  of  State. 

2.  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

3.  Secretary  of  War. 

4.  Attorney-General. 

5.  Postmaster-General. 

6.  Secretary  of  the  Navy. 

7.  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

8.  Secretary  of  Agriculture. 

9.  Secretary  of  Commerce  and  Labor. 


Secretary 
OF  State. 


j^        ,  /Appointed  by  the  President  with 

HOW  cliosen,     |     ^^^^^^  ^^  Senate. 

Term  of  office.  <{  At  the  pleasure  of  the  President. 
Salary.         <($12,000  per  year. 

1.  To  conduct  the  correspondence 
with  foreign  ministers  and  with 
our  ministers  and  consuls  abroad. 

2.  To  issue  passports  to  American 
citizens  among  foreign  countries. 

3.  To  issue  warrants  for  the  ex- 
tradition of  criminals  in  accord- 
ance with  treaties  with  foreign 
countries. 


Duties. 


4.  To  have  chai'ge  of  treaties  and  to 
make  new  ones. 

5 .  To  keep  the  archives  of  the  gov- 
ernment. 

6.  To  publish  the  laws,  treaties, 
presidential  messages  and  proc- 
lamations. 

7.  To  have  charge  of  the  Great 
Seal  of  the  U.  S, 


CIVIL    GOVERNxMENT    SIMPLIFIED 


33 


Secretary 

OF  THE 

Treasury. 


How  chosen.     /Appointed  by  the  President  with 
(^     assent  of  Senate. 

Term  of  office- •{  At  the  pleasure  of  the  President. 

Salary.  <($12,000  per  year. 

1 .  To  prepare  and  suggest  plans  for 
raising  revenue. 

2.  To  superintend  the  collection  of 
revenues  coming  from  the  cus- 
toms duties  and  internal  taxes. 

3.  To  grant  warrants  for  the  paj'- 
ment  of  money  according  to  ap- 

Dxdies.       \         propriations  by  Congress. 

4.  To  audit  the  accounts  of  all  the 
departments. 

5.  To  supervise  and  regulate  the 
national  banks  and  the  currency 
of  the  U.  S. 

6.  To  superintend  the  coinage  of 
money. 


Secretary 
OF  War, 


^010  chosen. 


{Appointed  by  the  President  with 
assent  of  Senate. 
Term  of  office.  ■{  At  the  pleasure  of  the  President. 
Salary.         ^$12,000  per  year. 

1.  To   have  charge  of   the   military 
forces  of  the  U.  S. 


Duties. 


To    have 
Service. 


charge    of   the 


Signal 


3. 


To  superintend  the  disbursing 
of  moneys  appropriated  by  Con- 
gress for  the  improvement  of  har- 
bors and  uavigatioDu 


34 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT    SIMPLIFIED 


Postmaster- 
General. 


JToi<,ctoe«.|^PP°'"*^^^y    *'•''    President  with 
[^     assent  of  Senate. 

m  J,   j,Ji  fAt  the   pleasure   of   the  Presi 

Term  of  office,     |     ^^^^^  ^ 

Salary.  <;$12,000  per  year. 

''1.  To  have  charge  of  the  carry- 
ing and  delivery  of  all  mail 
matter. 

Duties.  \   2.  To  classify  all  mail  matter  and 

fix  the  rate  of  postage. 

3.  To   make  postal  arrangements 
with  foreign  countries. 


Attorney- 
General. 


Hoio  chosen. 


Term  of  office.     |     ^^^^^^ 


/Appointed  by  the  President  with 
\     assent  of  Senate. 

At  the   pleasure   of   the  Presi- 


S  alary. 


Duties. 


-{$12,000  per  year. 

1.  To  have  charge  of  all  lawsuits 
in  which  the  U.  S.  is  concerned 
as  a  party. 

2.  To  give  legal  advice  to  the 
President  and  other  federal 
officers. 


Secretary  of 

Navy. 


TT       1  f  Appointed  by  the  President  with 

How  chosen.     J     ^^      *.    t  cf     ^ 
\^     assent  of  Senate. 

Term  of  office.     [\^l  P'"'''"'''   "*   ^^^  ^''''- 


Salary. 


Duties, 


^$12,000  per  year. 

1.  To  have   charge   of  the  naval 
forces, 

2.  To  superintend  the  issuing  of 
nautical  charts  and  almanacs. 


CIVIL   GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


35 


Secretary 

OF  THE 

Interior. 


How  chosen.  /Appointed  by  the  President  with  assent 
\       of  Senate. 

Term  of  office.]  At  the  pleasure  of  the  President. 

Salary.  \   $12,000  per  year. 

1.  To  have  charge  of  the  public  lands,  in- 
cluding mines.    (General  Land  Office.) 

2.  To  regulate  the  dealings  with  the 
Indians.     (Indian  Bureau.) 

8.  To  superintend  the  payment  of  pen- 
sions and  the  distribution  of  bounty 
lands.     (Pension  Office.) 

4.  To  superintend  the  issuing  of  patents 
to  inventors,  and  to  preserve  models 
of  all  machines  patented.  (Patent 
Office.) 

6.  To  have  care  and  distribution  of  all 
public  documents.  (Superintendent  of 
Public  Documents. 


Duties, 


To  collect  statistics  and  facts  showing 
the  condition  and  progress  of  educa- 
tion, and  to  publish  such  information 
as  may  assist  in  the  improvement  of 
education  throughout  the  U.  8.  (Bu- 
reau of  Ed.) 

To  see  that  the  census  of  the  U.  S.  is 
taken  every  ten  years.  (Census  Bu- 
reau.) 

To  audit  the  accounts  of  certain  rail- 
road companies  to  which  the  U.  8. 
has  granted  loans  and  subsidies. 
(Commissioner  of  Railroads.) 

9.  To  superintend  the  government  hos- 
pital for  the  insane,  and  the  Columbian 
asylum  for  the  deaf  and  dumb. 


7. 


8. 


Secretary 
OF  Agricul- 
ture. 


t    Secretary 
i  *  OF  Commerce 
[     ^ND  Labor. 


'  w^,«  r>h^o.^   /Appointed  by  the  President  with  assent 
How  chosen.  |    ^^i^^  g^^^^^-]' 

Term  of  office.\  At  the  pleasure  of  the  President. 
Salary.  {   $12,000  per  year. 

f To  collect  information  and  make  scientific 
r,   ..  J     investigations   as   to   the    diseases    of 

Duties.  i     plants,     and    the    best    methods    of 

[     cultivating  the  soil,  etc. 

fAppointed  by  the  President  with  assent 
How  chosen,  i^     of  the  Senate. 

Term  of  office.]  At  the  pleasure  of  the  President. 
Salary.  ^  $12,000  per  year. 

/Has  charge  of  Light-houses, Coast  Survey, 
Duties.  1^  Immigration,  National  Census,  etc. 


36 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT    SIMPLIFIED 


Supreme, 


Number  of  Judges.  {  Nine. 

r  Appointed  by  President  witli 
How  and  when  chosen.  <      assent  of    Senate    when    a 

I     vacancy  occurs. 

Term  of  office.  {  For  life,  or  during  good  behavior. 

C/t7«v,i     /  Associate  Justices,  $10,000  each  per  year 
i:>aiaiy.   ^  ^^^^^  justice  $10,500  per  year. 


Circuit. 


Number  of  Judges.  -(  Twenty-five.* 

{Appointed  by  President  with 
assent  of  Senate  when  a 
vacancy  occurs. 

Term  of  office.  \  For  life,  or  during  good  behavior. 

^  Salary.  {  $6,000  per  year. 


u 

p 
o 

P3 

Q 
Si 


District. 


'Number  of  Judges.  ^  Seventy- three.* 

{Appointed  by  President  with 
assent  of  Senate  when  a 
vacancy  occurs. 

Term  of  office. «(  For  life,  or  during  good  behavior 

Salary.  {  From  $3,000  to  $5,000  per  year. 


United  States 
Circuit  Court 
of  Appeals. 


The  Chief  Justice  and  the  Associate  Justices  of 
the  Supreme  Court  assigned  to  each  circuit  and  the 
Circuit  Judges  within  each  circuit  and  the  several 
District  Judges  within  each  circuit  shall  be  compe- 
tent to  sit  as  Judges  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Appeals 
within  their  respective  circuits.  (No  additional 
salary  for  services  in  Appellate  Court.) 


Court  of 
Claims, 


U.S. 
Senate. 


'Number  of  Judges.  •{  Five. 

{Appointed  by  President  with 
assent  of  Senate  when  a 
vacancy  occurs. 

Term  of  office.  {  For  life,  or  during  good  behavior. 

Salary.  <(  $6,000  per  year. 

<{  As  a  court  of  impeachment. 


*Jan.  1,  1900. 


CIVIL    GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


37 


Provisions  op 
Magna  Chart  a. 


1.  No  tax  should  be  levied  without  the 
authority  of  a  great  council  summoned 
by  the  king. 

2.  All  freemen  were  allowed  to  go  out  of 
the  country  and  return  to  it  at  pleasure. 

3 .  A  man  might  dispose  of  his  property  by 
will  in  such  manner  as  he  saw  fit. 

4.  The  king's  officers  were  prohibited 
from  taking  a  man's  property  without 
his  consent. 

5.  Courts  of  justice  were  to  remain  in 
known  and  fixed  places. 

6.  Courts  of  justice  were  open  to  every 
one  without  fear  or  favor. 

7.  No  one  was  to  be  put  on  trial  from 
mere  rumor  or  suspicion,  but  only  upon 
the  evidence  of  lawful  witnesses. 

8.  Excessive  fines  were  forbidden. 

9.  No  person  should  be  convicted  of  any 
crime  except  by  a  lawful  jury  of  his 
peers. 

10.  Merchants  were  to  be  allowed  to  carry 
on  their  business  without  being  sub- 
ject to  arbitrary  licenses  and  tolls  im- 
posed by  the  king. 


38  CIVIL   GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


TEST  QUESTIONS* 


1.  How  are  standing  committees  in  either  house  of  the  State  Legis- 
lature chosen?  (26)  In  the  house  of  Representatives?  (59)  In  the  U.  S. 
Senate?     (66) 

2.  In  what  way  does  the  organization  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
differ  from  that  of  the  Senate?  (57,  64)  The  Assembly  from  the 
Senate?    (25) 

3.  How  are  vacancies  in  either  house  of  the  State  Legislature  filed? 
(27)     In  the  House  of  Representatives?     (60)     In  the  U.  S.  Senate?     (67) 

i.  What  special  privileges  do  members  of  the  Legislature  enjoy?  (28) 
Members  of  Congress?     (73) 

5  What  is  meant  by  quorum?  What  number  is  required  to  make  a 
quorum  in  the  State  Legislature?     (29)     In  Congress?     (68) 

6.  When  does  the  Legislature  meet?  How  long  may  it  remain  in 
session?     (31) 

7.  What  is  the  penalty  for  impeachment?     (47) 

8.  When  and  how  was  the  U.  S.  Constitution  framed?  When  and 
how  adopted?     (49) 

9.  What  is  the  supreme  law  of  the  land?    (61) 

10.  What  principle  of  government  does  the  U.  S.  Senate  represent? 
The  House  of  Representatives?     (52) 

11.  What  length  of  time  constitutes  a  Congress?     (65) 

12.  Who  may  vote  for  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representatives?   (66) 

13.  Name  and  explain  the  use  of  the  two  most  important  standing 
committees  in  the  House  of  Representatives.     (59) 

14.  How  may  the  committee  on  appropriations  practically  control  the 
House?     (59) 

15.  What  is  meant  by  the  "  long  "  session  of  Congress?  The  "  short" 
session  of  Congress?    "  Special  "  session  of  Congress?     (69) 

16.  Where  must  all  revenne  bills  originate?    (76) 

17.  Explain  how  the  government  usually  borrows  money.     (82) 

18.  Locate  the  U.  S.  Mints.     (84) 

19.  Explain  the  difference  between  the  form  of  government  of  a  terri- 
tory and  that  of  a  state.     (94) 

20.  State  the  purpose  of  the  Civil  Service  system  and  explain  its  work- 
ings.    (110) 

21.  State  two  ways  of  acquiring  citizenship  in  the  United  States.    (134) 

22.  A  man  born  of  German  citizens  permanently  residing  in  the  U.  S., 
is  a  citizen  of  what  country?     (135) 


CIVIL   GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED  -    '  39 

23.  Explain  what  is  meant  by  each  of  the  following*: '  *     '  '  *  '*.     - '    ,« .'• 

1.  Letters  of  Marque  and  Reprisal.  (88)     9.  Coining  Money.     (83) 

2.  Legal  Tender.     (83)  10.  ITree  Coinage.     (84) 

3.  Copyright.     (98)  IL  Piracy.     (91) 

4.  Patent.     (98)  12.  Treason.     (101 
6.  Expatriation.     (136)  13.  SufErage.     (138) 

6.  Unconstitutional  Legislation.     (166)       14.     Habeas  Corpus.     (190) 

7.  Bill  of  Attainer.     (196)  15.     Eminent  Domain.     (201) 

8.  Ex-Post  Facto  Law.     (197)  16.    Journal.     (71) 

24.  What  Is  th«  highest  privilege  of  citizenship?    (138) 

25.  Which  confers  the  right  of  suffrage,  the  State  or  the  Nation?    (138) 

26.  Explain  the  difEerence  between  a  plurality  and  a  majority.     (151) 

27.  Who  pays  toll  in  California?     (157) 

28.  Name  the  chief  personal  rights  guaranteed  by  the  U.  S.  Constitu- 
tion.    (185) 

29.  Explain  the  process  of  naturalization.     (135) 

30.  What  is  meant  by  government?    ( 175) 

31.  What  powers  are  reserved  to  the  states?     (171) 

32.  What  constitutes  the  State  Board  of  EquaUzalion?     (159) 

33.  By  whom  or  what  body  was  the  Constitution  of  California  framed? 
(23)     By  whom  or  what  body  was  it  adopted?    (23) 

34.  What  is  the  only  limitation  now  existing  upon  the  power  of  amend- 
ment to  the  U.  S.  Constitution?     (50) 

35.  What  restrictions  are  laid  upon  either  house  of  Congress  respect- 
ing adjournment?    (72) 

36.  Name  one  condition  which  the  Constitution  of  California  declares 
shall  not  be  imposed  as  a  qualification  for  voting.     (141) 

37.  By  whom  or  what  body  is  the  State  tax  rate  determined?     (158) 

38.  How  is  the  number  of  presidential  electors  determined?     (104) 

39.  Cite  an  instance  in  which  the  Government  exercises  the  right  of 
eminent  domain  through  a  corporation. 

40.  When  and  where  does  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  U.  S.  meet?     (126) 

41.  Name  two  cases  in  which  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  U.   S.   has 
original  jurisdiction.     (126) 

42.  Name  two  cases  in  which  the   Supreme  Court  of  the  U.  S.  has 
appellate  jurisdiction.     (126) 

43.  What  persons  are  subject  to  service  in  the  State  militia?     (90) 

44.  What  is  meant  by  delinquent  taxes?     (15) 

45.  What  is  the  difEerence  between  a  standing  and  a  special  committee? 

46.  How  is  the  number  of  Representatives  in  Congress  from  each 
state  determined?     (53) 

47.  Name  three  powers  essential  to  an  independent  self-existence  of 
the  government.     (86) 

48.  What  is  the  purpose  of  the  Interstate  Commerce  Act?    (92,122) 

49.  In  what    way    docs    a    bankrupt    law    benefit   a     creditor?    A 
debtor?     (96) 

50.  Name  one  place  in  the  United  States  in  which  the  citizens  have 
no  vote.     (99) 

N.  B.  — The  number  enclosed  in  a  parenthesis  at  the  end  of  each  question  refers  to 
the  paragraph  of  that  number  in  the  State  Series  Civil  Government. 


40  dlVlii   GOVERNMENT   SIMPLIFIED 


TEST  QUESTIONS  ON  THE  CONSTITUTION  OF 
CALIFORNIAo 


1.  When  may  the  writ  of  habeas  corpus  be  suspended? 

2.  When  is  involuntary  servitude  allowed  in  California? 

3.  When  may  a  search  warrant  be  issued? 

4.  Name  five  classes  of  persons  expressly  denied  the  right  of  suffrage 
in  California. 

6.  When  must  the  yeas  and  nays  be  entered  on  the  journal? 

6.  Name  five  cases  in  which  local  and  special  legislation  is  prohibited. 

7.  How  is  the  Governor  chosen  in  case  of  a  tie  vote? 

8.  What  is  the  purpose  of  the  Governor's  message? 

9.  What  limitation  is  placed  on  the  Governor's  power  of  pardon? 

10.  When  may  the  salary  of  a  superior  judge  be  withheld? 

11.  From  what  sources  is  the  State  school  fund  derived? 

12.  What  limitation  is  placed  on  the  use  of  the  State  school  money? 

13.  Who  constitute  the  State  board  of  prison  directors? 

U.  What  restrictions  are  placed  on  the  creation  of  a  new  county? 

15.  What  is  meant  by  common  carriers? 

16.  What  is  the  duty  of  the  railroad  commissioners? 

17.  What  limitation  is  placed  on  the  creation  of  State  debts? 

18.  How  is  the  State  Constitution  amended? 

19.  What  restriction  is  placed  on  corporations  in  tlie  employment  of 
labor? 

20.  What  restriction  is  placed  on  the  employment  of  laborers  on  public 
work? 

21.  How  may  the  capital  of  the  State  be  changed? 
23.  What  is  the  penalty  for  dueling  in  California? 

33.  What  constitutes  a  legal  day's  work  on  all  public  work? 


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Practical  Aids  to  the  Teaching  of  Civics 

By  S.  D.  •WATERMAN,  Former  Superintendent  of  Schools,  Berkeley,  Cal. 

The  author  of  this  book  has  succeeded  where  so  many  others  have  failed— in 
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Price,  in  strong  cloth  binding,  60  cents. 

Civil  Government  Simplified 

By  J.  J.  DUVALL 

It  is  the  purpose  of  this  little  book  to  supplement  any  text  book  on  Civil  Govern- 
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PRACTICAL  AIDS  TO   LITERATURE 

NUMBER  ONE 

"The  Legend  of  Sleepy  Hollow"  and  "Rip  Van  Winkle" 

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In  this  little  book  the  author  has  embodied  the  best  plans  of  the  most  successful 
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"Lady  of  the  Lake,"  "Evangeline"  "Merchant  of  Venice," 
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By  J.  "W.  GRAHAM,  Superintendent  of  Schools  of  Kings  County,  California 
A  complete  plan  of  work  is  given  for  each  poem  treated,  together  with  a  list  of 
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Evangeline'* 

(Longfellow) 

With  Notes  and  Suggestions  for  Study,  by  ARTHUR  L.  HAMILTON 
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A  Study  of  "Ivanhoe"  and  "The  Lady  of  the  Lake" 

This  book  is  the  actual  material  used  by  the  author  in  teaching  the  above  named 
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By  ALICE  ROSE  POWER 
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({ 


